Legal Precedents

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RISK & COMPLIANCE

Legal professional privilege (LPP) is a core legal protection that permits [ insert organisation’s name ] to resist producing evidence to a third party or the court. It enables the organisation to seek expert legal guidance, setting out all pertinent facts to our legal advisers without concern that they will later be revealed and used against us. This short guide sets out what legal professional privilege (LPP) is and how we can best preserve it. 1 What is legal professional privilege? LPP is an umbrella term covering: legal advice privilege (LAP) litigation privilege LPP safeguards the confidentiality of written and verbal communications between lawyers and clients. It is a fundamental entitlement, allowing a party to withhold material from disclosure to any third party or a court. Legal advice privilege Legal advice privilege applies to all confidential communications between a client and their lawyer made for the

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RISK & COMPLIANCE

Please click to access the Precedent. Please note this register has been created in Excel, and therefore it cannot be downloaded into Word. For detailed guidance on completing a legal risk register, see Practice Note: How to create a legal risk register. However, a concise summary is set out briefly below. What is a legal risk register? A legal risk register is a means of gathering and overseeing all legal risk information in a single location. To produce an effective and reliable register, you must first determine the legal risks your organisation encounters. Understanding your organisation’s risk appetite is also highly advantageous. The register then lets you classify each risk appropriately, assign a score to it, and choose mitigation measures and actions. Separate Precedents exist for a general risk register and for a privacy risk register-see Precedents: Risk register and Privacy risk

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BANKING & FINANCE

[ To be printed on the headed paper of the lender’s lawyers ] To: [ insert name and address of Lender ] [ insert date ] Dear [ insert name of Lender ] [ Matter name/reference ] We have served as English law counsel to [ insert name of lender ] (the Lender) in relation to the provision of finance to [ insert name of borrower, company number and registered office ] (the Borrower) comprising a [ term loan and revolving credit facility ] [ describe facilities ] of £[ insert amount ] (the Transaction), and to the negotiation, drafting, execution and completion of the documents specified in Schedule 1 (Documents examined), Paragraph 1 (Opinion Document) (the Opinion Document). We deliver this opinion letter to you, the Lender, pursuant to [ Schedule 2 ] (Conditions Precedent) of the facility agreement between the Lender and the Borrower dated [ insert date ]

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BANKING & FINANCE

[ Headed notepaper of law firm issuing the opinion ] [ insert name and address of Lender ] [ insert date ] Dear [ insert name of Lender ] Facility Agreement dated [ insert date ] made between [ insert name of lender ] (the Lender) and [ insert name of borrower ] (the Borrower) (the Facility Agreement) We refer to clause [ insert number of clause which requires delivery of legal opinion ] of the Facility Agreement, which requires the delivery of a legal opinion. This opinion is provided in satisfaction of that requirement. Unless expressly defined in this opinion, terms defined in the Facility Agreement carry the same meanings when used herein. This opinion is governed by English law and is subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of England. 1 Background 1.1 This opinion concerns the English law aspects of a transaction (the

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PRECEDENTS

Ordinary resolution [ That approval be granted, in accordance with section 201 of the Companies Act 2006, for the credit transaction under which [ insert details of credit transaction ] is proposed to be entered into by the Company for the benefit of [ insert name of director ], a director of the Company. OR That the Company’s proposed [ guarantee OR security ] in connection with a credit transaction, being [ insert details of credit transaction ] entered into by [ insert name of person who has entered into credit transaction ] for the benefit of [ insert name of director ], a director of the Company, be approved in accordance with section 201 of the Companies Act 2006. OR That the [ insert details of arrangement falling within the definition of ‘related arrangement’ in section 203(1) CA 2006 ] be...

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PRECEDENTS

ORDINARY RESOLUTION [ That approval be given, in accordance with section 198 of the Companies Act 2006, for a quasi-loan in the sum of [ insert amount of quasi-loan ], to be advanced by [ insert name of subsidiary company ] to [ insert name of director ], a director of the Company. OR That the [ guarantee OR security ] to be provided by [ insert name of subsidiary company ] in relation to a quasi-loan of [ insert amount of quasi-loan ] by [ insert name of person who has given or is giving the quasi-loan ] to [ insert name of director ], a director of the Company, be authorised pursuant to section 198 of the Companies Act 2006. OR That the [ insert details of arrangement falling within the definition of ‘related arrangement’ in section 203(1) CA 2006 ] be...

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PRECEDENTS

Ordinary resolution That the directors’ remuneration report, excluding the section comprising the directors’ remuneration policy as set out and shown on pages [ insert page no ] to [ insert page no ], as included within the Company’s annual accounts and reports for the financial year ended [ insert date ], hereby be received and approved......

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PRECEDENTS

[ ON THE LETTERHEAD OF THE PLACING AGENT ] An application has been submitted for the entire issued and to-be-issued ordinary share capital of the Company to be admitted to trading on AIM. It is anticipated that Admission will take effect and dealings in the Ordinary Shares will begin on AIM on [ insert expected date of admission to AIM ]. [ insert name of Placing Agent ] accepts no liability whatsoever for the accuracy of any statements or opinions contained within the Admission Document (as defined below), for which [ insert name of Placing Agent ] bears no responsibility, nor for any omission of material information from the Admission Document. Recipients of this document should note that, in connection with the Placing (as defined below) and Admission, [ insert name of Placing Agent ] is acting solely for the Company and for no one else, and...

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PRECEDENTS

Company number : [ insert number ] [ insert company name ] LIMITED (the Company ) SOLVENCY STATEMENT We, being all of the directors of the Company, give this solvency declaration on [ insert date ] for the purposes of section 642 of the Companies Act 2006 and each of us severally......

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PRECEDENTS

Board minutes—private M& A—asset purchase—exchange—buyer Company number: [ insert company number ] [ insert company name ] [ LIMITED OR PLC ] Minutes from a meeting of the board of directors (the Meeting) for [ insert company name ] [ Limited OR PLC ] (the Company) Convened at [ insert place of meeting ] Dated [ insert day, month and year of meeting ] at [ insert time of meeting ] [ am OR pm ] Present: [ Insert names of the director(s) attending in person ] [ Insert names of any directors joining by telephone as permitted by the Company's articles of association ] (by telephone) [ Insert names of any directors participating by other means permitted by the Company's articles of association ] (by [ insert other means ]) In attendance: [ Insert name of any attendee who is not counted towards the quorum (eg the...

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PRECEDENTS

This Agreement is entered into on [ insert day and month ] 20[ year ] Parties [ insert name of company ], a company incorporated in [ England and Wales ] with registered number [ insert company number ], whose registered office is at [ insert address ] (the Company); and [ insert name of the nominated adviser ], a company incorporated in England and Wales with registered number [ insert company number ] whose registered office is at [ insert address ] (the Nomad). Recitals [ The Company is pursuing admission to trading on AIM of the entire ordinary share capital OR The entire ordinary share capital of the Company is admitted to trading on AIM ]. The Nomad has agreed, on the terms and conditions set out in this Agreement, to act as Nominated Adviser [ and [...

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PRECEDENTS

Index to the articles An overview of the company’s constitutional framework, setting out meanings of key terms, the extent of members’ liability, how directors exercise and delegate powers, procedures for board and member decisions, rules on share capital, dividends and other distributions, and ancillary provisions on communications, records, seals, and protections for directors... Part 1: Interpretation and limitation of liability – definitions and the limit of members’ liability. Part 2: Directors – general authority, members’ reserve power, delegation, committees, meetings, quorum, chairing, voting, casting votes, conflicts, written resolutions, further rules, appointment, rotation, termination, remuneration, expenses, and alternate directors. Part 3: Decision-making by members – calling, attendance and speaking, quorum, chairing, adjournment, voting, errors and disputes, polls, proxy content and delivery, amendments, restrictions, and class meetings. Part 4: Shares and distributions – classes and redemption, commissions, interests,...

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PRECEDENTS

This Deed of adherence is made as of [ insert day and month ] 20[ insert year ] Parties [ insert name of new partner ], of [ insert address ] (being the New Partner) The persons whose names and addresses appear in Schedule 1 (together, the Existing Partners) Recitals ( A) This deed is supplemental to, and is duly executed in accordance with, the Partnership Agreement herein ( B) The New Partner wishes to be admitted as a Partner accordingly ( C) The Existing Partners have resolved and agreed to admit the New Partner as a Partner, with effect from the Admission Date, on the terms set out in this deed......

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PRECEDENTS

STOP PRESS : Significant reforms to the UK prospectus regime came into force on 19 January 2026 The framework now governing public offers of securities and admissions to trading in the UK is chiefly set out in the Public Offers and Admissions to Trading Regulations 2024, SI 2024/105 (the POATRs), together with the FCA sourcebook, The Prospectus Rules: Admission to Trading on a Regulated Market ( PRM). The UK Prospectus Regulation and the FCA Prospectus Regulation Rules have been repealed. These reforms are intended to streamline capital raising and markedly cut the number of situations in which a company must publish an FCA approved prospectus when undertaking a further issue of shares......

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PRECEDENTS

Company number: [ insert number ] [ insert company name ] [ Limited OR PLC ] Minutes of the board of directors’ meeting (the Meeting) of [ insert full name of company ] (the Company). Convened at [ insert place of meeting ] on [ insert day, month and year of meeting ] at [ insert time of meeting ] [ am OR pm ]. Present [ Insert names of the director(s) physically present ] [ [ Insert names of any directors present by telephone as permitted by the Company’s articles of association ] (by telephone) ] [ [ Insert names of any directors present by other means permitted by the Company’s articles of association ] (by [ insert other means ]) ] In attendance [ [ Insert name of anyone in attendance, who does not count towards the quorum for the Meeting (eg the company secretary, any legal advisers) ]...

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PRECEDENTS

STOP PRESS : Significant reforms to the UK prospectus regime came into force on 19 January 2026. New requirements for public offers of securities and for UK admissions to trading are now primarily contained in the Public Offers and Admissions to Trading Regulations 2024 ( SI 2024/105) (the POATRs) and the FCA sourcebook, The Prospectus Rules: Admission to Trading on a Regulated Market ( PRM). The UK Prospectus Regulation and the FCA Prospectus Regulation Rules have been revoked. The objective of the overhaul is to make capital raising simpler and to materially cut the instances in which a company must produce an FCA-approved prospectus for a subsequent share issue. For full details of the revisions, see Practice Note: UK prospectus regime reform. This Practice Note sets out the prospectus framework that applied before 19 January 2026......

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PRECEDENTS

STOP PRESS : Major changes to the UK prospectus framework took effect on 19 January 2026. The updated regime for public offers of securities and for admissions to trading in the UK is chiefly contained in the Public Offers and Admissions to Trading Regulations 2024, SI 2024/105, (the POATRs) and in the FCA sourcebook, The Prospectus Rules: Admission to Trading on a Regulated Market ( PRM). The UK Prospectus Regulation and the FCA Prospectus Regulation Rules have been revoked. These reforms aim to streamline capital raising and markedly cut the instances when a company must produce an FCA approved prospectus for a subsequent share issue. For comprehensive details of the revisions, consult Practice Note: UK prospectus regime reform as noted in that resource directly......

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PRECEDENTS

This document is important and requires your immediate attention Within this document is a proposal that, if carried out in its entirety, would lead to the delisting of [ Offeree ] Shares from [ insert name of relevant market, such as AIM or the Main Market of the London Stock Exchange ]. Should you be uncertain about the Offer or what steps to take, you are urged promptly to obtain your own immediate, independent financial advice from your stockbroker, bank manager, solicitor, accountant or another independent financial adviser duly authorised under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (as amended) if you are resident in the United Kingdom or, if you are not, from an appropriately authorised independent financial adviser. If you have disposed of, or now dispose of, all of your [ Offeree ] Shares by sale or any other transfer, kindly forward this...

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PRECEDENTS

Company number : [ insert number ] [ insert company name ] [ Limited OR PLC ] (the Company). During a convened meeting of the Company’s board of directors on [ insert date ], the board approved the following resolution: That [ [ insert name of single corporate representative ] OR the following persons ]......

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PRECEDENTS

Company number: [ insert number ] [ insert company name ] Limited Record of a meeting of the board of directors (the Meeting) of [ insert full name of company ] (the Company) Held at: [ insert place of meeting ] On: [ insert day, month and year of meeting ] at [ insert time of meeting ] [ am OR pm ] Present [ Insert names of the director(s) physically present ] [ [ Insert names of any directors present by telephone as allowed under the Company’s articles of association ] (by telephone) ] [ [ Insert names of any directors present by other means allowed under the Company’s articles of association ] (by [ insert other means ]) ] In attendance [ [ Insert name of anyone in attendance, who does not count towards the quorum for the Meeting (eg the company...

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PRECEDENTS

Authority to allot shares—no distinction made between different classes of shares (general or specific authority) [ ORDINARY OR [ INSERT OTHER ] ] RESOLUTION THAT [ , provided that [ insert reference to any relevant resolution that sets out pre-emption rights ], ] the directors are [ granted general and unconditional authority, for the purposes of section 551 of the Companies Act 2006 and in general, to utilise all powers of the Company to allot shares and to confer rights to subscribe for, or to convert any security into, shares in the Company to any person, at any time and on such terms and conditions as the directors consider appropriate, up to an aggregate nominal value of £[ insert maximum nominal amount ] OR granted specific authority, for the purposes of section 551 of the Companies Act 2006 and in general, to [ insert...

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PRECEDENTS

ORDINARY RESOLUTION Approve, in accordance with section 218 of the Companies Act 2006, the Company’s proposed payment of [ insert amount ] to [ insert name of director ], a director, in connection with the [ proposed ] transfer of [ the whole OR part ] of the Company’s [ undertaking [ and/or ] AND/ OR property ], being: compensation for their loss of office; compensation for their loss of [ insert details of circumstances described in s 215(1)(b) CA 2006 ]; consideration [ for OR in connection with ] their retirement from office as director of the Company; consideration [ for OR in connection with ] their retirement from [ insert details of circumstances described in s 215(1)(d) CA 2006 ]......

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PRECEDENTS

Index to the articles Part 1: Interpretation and limitation of liability — defines the expressions used throughout and confirms members’ liability is limited to any unpaid amount on their shares Part 2: Directors — covers directors’ authority, shareholders’ reserve powers, delegation and committees; collective and unanimous decisions, meetings, participation, quorum, chairing, casting vote, conflicts, records and procedural rules; appointment and termination, remuneration and expenses Part 3: Shares and distributions — requires shares to be fully paid; permits varied classes and redemption; recognises only absolute ownership; sets out certificates, replacements, transfers and transmission; explains declaring and paying dividends, no interest, unclaimed sums, non-cash distributions, waivers, and capitalisation of profits Part 4: Decision-making by shareholders — provides for speaking and voting at general meetings, quorum, chairing, attendance by directors and others, and adjournment; voting on a show of hands or by poll,...

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PRECEDENTS

Board minutes—private M& A—asset purchase—completion—seller Company number: [ insert company number ] [ insert company name ] [ LIMITED OR PLC ] Minutes of a meeting of the board of directors (the ' Meeting') of [ insert company name ] [ Limited OR PLC ] (the ' Company') Held at [ insert place of meeting ] Held on [ insert day, month and year of meeting ] at [ insert time of meeting ] [ am OR pm ] Present [ Insert names of the director(s) physically present ] [ Insert names of any directors present by telephone as permitted by the Company’s articles of association ] (by telephone) [ Insert names of any directors present by other means permitted by the Company’s articles of association ] (by [ insert other means ]) In attendance: [ Insert name of anyone in attendance, who does not count towards the...

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When evaluating a general damages claim, the practitioner ought initially to refer to the Judicial College Guidelines (JCG)...

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This Practice Note This Practice Note reviews mechanisms used in settling litigation. A Tomlin order consists of a consent order paired with a schedule. It operates to stay proceedings on terms that have been agreed. The provisions contained in the schedule may remain confidential. This Practice Note describes the scope of confidentiality attaching to the schedule and sets out how it differs from a standard consent order. Sample wording for a Tomlin order is included, alongside links to precedents, as well as guidance on court approval. It also addresses varying, setting aside and enforcing a Tomlin order, including the considerations the court will take into account when handling applications for each. Further guidance is provided on interpreting and applying the relevant provisions of the CPR; however, some courts and divisions impose very specific requirements for both drafting and approval, and for approaching the schedule and confidentiality issues. Accordingly, you must consider the particular rules and court guide provisions in the forum where your claim is proceeding when drawing up the Tomlin order...

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Date [ date ] Parties [ name of Landlord ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Landlord) [ name of Tenant ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Tenant) [ [ name of Guarantor ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Guarantor) ] [ [ name of Mortgagee ] [ of OR incorporated in England and Wales (company registration number [ number ]) with its registered office at ] [ address ] (Mortgagee) ] Definitions Within this Deed, the terms below shall be interpreted as follows: [ Annual Rent • the annual sum reserved under the Lease; ] [ Insurance Rent • the Tenant’s share of the Landlord’s costs of insuring the Property (as set out in the Lease); ] Lease • the lease of the Property dated [ date ], entered into between (1) [ the Landlord OR [ name ...

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I, [ name ], of [ address ], solemnly and sincerely state that: [ Matters to be verified, set out in numbered paragraphs ] I make this solemn statement in good conscience, believing it to be true, and pursuant to the provisions of the Statutory Declarations Act 1835. DECLARED at [ details ] this [ day ] day of [ month and year ] Before me ................................................................................ [ signature of the person before whom the declaration is made ] A [ commissioner for oaths OR [ solicitor OR [ insert other qualification ] ] authorised to administer oaths ]...

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